Mechanical Engineering(4th Sem.)
APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS__________________________________1. Unit-1
2. Unit-2
3. Unit-3
4. Unit-4
5. Unit-5
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APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS SyllabusUNIT - I
Second Law Analysis Introduction to the second law of Thermodynamics, the Clausius inequality, entropy, principle of increase in entropy, T-ds relation. Availability – Second law analysis of Closed system, second law analysis of steady –flow system, Irreversibility. UNIT - II Thermodynamic Relationships Helmholz and Gibbs functions, coefficient of Volume expansion and isothermal compressibility, Differential relations of internal energy, Maxwell’s Relation, Cp Cv relations, T-ds equations, Clapeylon equation, Kelving coefficient. Equation of state: Ideal gas equation of state, Real gas deviation with ideal gas, Vander waals equation, evaluation of its constants, Virial expansions, limitations of the equation. The law of corresponding states. UNIT – III Vapour and Vapour Power Cycle Properties and processes in ideal vapour, use of steam tables and Mollier’s diagram in determination of steam properties, energy and entropy calculations. Carnot and Rankine cycle as applied to steam power plants, Reheat cycle, ideal regenerative cycle, practical regenerative cycle, characteristics of ideal working fluids, binary vapour cycle. Steam Condensers Various types of condenser efficiency, vacuum efficiency and measurement. Effect of air leakage, Thermodynamic analysis. Unit – IV Refrigeration Cycle Reversed Carnot cycle, simple vapour compression refrigeration cycle, Analysis with T-S diagram. Reciprocating Air Compressors Classification of air compressors, Advantages, disadvantages of reciprocating compressors, working of reciprocating compressor, equation of work (with & without clearance) volumetric efficiency, multistage compressors, efficiency of compressor, Effect of atmospheric condition on output of Compressors, Thermodynamic analysis of reciprocating compressor, Intercooler & External cooler. Unit – V Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluids Isentropic flow, stagnation conditions, stagnation enthalpy, temperature, pressure, density, flow through available area, duct, converging nozzle, Convergent divergent nozzle, operation of convergent divergent nozzle for different back pressures. Flow with friction and heat transfer, Fanno flow, Rayleigh flow. Flow of steam through nozzle, throat area for maximum discharge, supersaturated Flow in nozzle. |
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